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Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering
A good typology, corresponding to the contemporary requirements of housing can contribute to better quality solutions in this field. Theoretical considerations concerning building configuration have defined the types of residential buildings configurations in their basic form, producing hybrid solutions when combined. Current solutions of residential buildings in densely populated urban areas of developed Western European countries have brought another additional type of residential building configuration to the foreground. In order to achieve high density it is necessary to build high residential buildings, which suggests the use of the tower building form as one of adequate solutions. In their response to the current complex building construction requirements, from urban to technological, urban planners and architects conclude that a residential building in the form of a tower must have a substantial plinth. Only this will allow for a quality product - a marketable apartment that .
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World Housing Encyclopedia
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Commercial buildings are supposed to be of engineered construction in the sense that they might have been analyzed and designed to meet the provisions of the relevant codes of practice and building bye-laws; the construction might have been supervised by trained persons. In such cases, even if earth quake forces have not been considered precisely, the structures would have adequate in-built strength and ductility to withstand some level of earthquake intensity. In this project a Commercial building of three storey that is G+3 building is designed for the maximum lateral forces with the help of equivalent static analysis which is mentioned in IS: 1893-2002, part 1. The major steps involved in construction of a structure apart from analysis and design are site selection, survey of the site, orientation of the building. Selection of site plays a major role in any construction. The factors effecting site selection are topography, nature of soil, position of ground water table, facilities, neighbourhood, vegetation, shape of the site. Surveying includes preliminary survey and quadratic survey. Levelling of the site is also done in surveying. Orientation of a building is the proper placement of the building and its component rooms with respect to the weathering elements. Three parameters which govern the orientation of the building are temperature, wind and humidity. Location of beams and columns, grid line marking also play a major role in the construction of building with which the stiffness of structure depends. Therefore all the above parameters are taken into consideration in this project. The structural components in a typical multi-storied building consist of a floor system which transfers the floor loads to a set of plane frames in one or both directions. The floor system also acts as a diaphragm to transfer lateral loads from wind and earthquakes. The frames consist of beams and columns and in some cases braces and shear walls. As the height of the building increases beyond ten stories, it becomes necessary to reduce the weight of the structure for both functionality and economy. Moment Resisting Frames rely on the ability of the frame itself to act as a partially or fully rigid jointed frame while resisting the lateral loads. Due to their flexibility, moment resisting frames can be used for medium rise buildings having up to ten stories. Ordinary moment resisting frames doesn't meet special detailing requirements for ductile detailing.
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